Bessie C. Luzier1,2,3
F, b. 1911
| Father | John G. Luzier2,3 b. 1886 | |
| Mother | Alice C. (?)2,3 b. 1887 |
Events | ||
| Birth | 1911 | Bessie C. Luzier was born in 1911 in West Virginia.1 |
| She was the daughter of John G. Luzier and Alice C. (?)2,3 | ||
| Marriage | 1926 | Bessie C. Luzier married William Heckler Jr., son of William F. Heckler and Minnie A. (?), in 1926.1 |
| Census1930 | 9 Apr 1930 | Bessie C. Heckler was enumerated in the census of 1930 under William Heckler Jr. in Parsons, Tucker County, West Virginia.1 |
| Census1930 | 9 Apr 1930 | Bessie C. Heckler was enumerated in the census of 1930 under John G. Luzier in Donnelsville, Clark County, Ohio, as follows: Luzier, John G., Head, 44, Married-age 20, born in West Virginia, Father born in Pennsylvania, Mother born in West Virginia, Day-laborer-Factory Alice C., Wife, 43, Married-age 19, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia Roland F., Son, 22, Single, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia, Laborer-Stone Quarry Carl C., Son, 15, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia Fred V., Daughter, 11, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia Muriel M., Daughter, 8, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia Robert E., Son, 5, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia Lelah M., Daughter, 1-9/12, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia Heckler, Bessie C., Daughter, 18, Married-age 16, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia, House-work-Private family Heckler, Bettie E., Granddaughter, 1-10/12, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia Joe, Boarder, 22, Single, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia, Day-laborer-Road Construction Watts, Leo, Boarder, 22, Single, born in West Virginia, Father and Mother born in West Virginia, Day-laborer-Rubber factory.2,3 |
Family |
William Heckler Jr. b. 1904 |
| Charts | Descendants of Johannes Pfeffer (Pepper) |
Citations
- [S5475] 1930 United States Federal Census, West Virginia, Tucker County, Parsons, ED 3, page 8B (handwritten), population schedule, line 89-91, dwelling 167, family 173, Willie Heckler household.
- [S5143] 1930 United States Federal Census, Ohio, Clark County, Donnelsville, ED 1, page 1A (handwritten), population schedule, line 42-50, dwelling 9, family 9, John G. Luzier household.
- [S5144] 1930 United States Federal Census, Ohio, Clark County, Donnelsville, ED 1, page 1B (handwritten), population schedule, line 51-53, dwelling 9, family 9, John G. Luzier household (continued from previous page).
John William Bigelow1
M, b. 15 Feb 1886, d. 12 Dec 1958
 John William Bigelow, age 16. |
| Father | George Washington Bigelow1 b. 24 Sep 1853, d. 17 Feb 1891 | |
| Mother | Sarah Elizabeth Miers1 b. 7 Feb 1860, d. 1 Oct 1938 |
Events | ||
| Birth | 15 Feb 1886 | John William Bigelow was born on 15 Feb 1886 in Paulding County, Ohio.1 |
| He was the son of George Washington Bigelow and Sarah Elizabeth Miers.1 | ||
| Marriage | 24 Oct 1907 | John William Bigelow married Mina Viola Starks, daughter of George Albert Starks and Viola B. Wise, on 24 Oct 1907.1 |
| Census1920 | 2 Jan 1920 | John William Bigelow was enumerated as a head of household in the census of 1920 in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan, as follows: Bigelow, W., Head, 33, Married, born in Ohio, Father born in Indiana, Mother born in Ohio, Fireman-Railroad Mina, Wife, 31, Married, born in Michigan, Father born in New York, Mother born in Michigan Katherine, Daughter, 6, born in Idaho, Father born in Ohio, Mother born in Michigan John Wm., Son, 4, born in Michigan, Father born in Ohio, Mother born in Michigan.2 |
| Census1930 | 8 Apr 1930 | John William Bigelow was enumerated as a head of household in the census of 1930 in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan, as follows: Biglow, John, Head, 44, Married-age 22, born in Ohio, Father and Mother born in Ohio, Fireman-Boiler Factory Mina, Wife, 32, Married-age 19, born in Michigan, Father born in New York, Mother born in Michigan, Cook-Hotel Catherine, Daughter, 16, Single, born in Idaho, Father born in Ohio, Mother born in Michigan John, Son, 14, born in Michigan, Father born in Ohio, Mother born in Michigan Donald, Son, 8, born in Michigan, Father born in Ohio, Mother born in Michigan Monuica, Daughter, 7, born in Michigan, Father born in Ohio, Mother born in Michigan.3 |
| Census1940 | 9 Apr 1940 | John William Bigelow was enumerated as a head of household in the census of 1940 in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan, as follows: Bigelow, John W., Head, 53, Married, born in Ohio, Locomotive Engineer-Private RR Mina, Wife, 50, Married, born in Michigan, Chef-Restaurant Donald, Son, 19, Single, born in Michigan, Waiter-Restaurant Monica, Daughter, 17, Single, born in Michigan Porrier, Mary K., Granddaughter, 5, born in Michigan.4,5 |
| Census1950 | 10 Apr 1950 | John William Bigelow was enumerated in the census of 1950 under Kenrick George Sauve in Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico.6,7 |
| Death | 12 Dec 1958 | John William Bigelow died on 12 Dec 1958 in Bowling Green, Caroline County, Virginia.1 |
Family |
Mina Viola Starks b. 12 May 1888 | |
| Children | 1. | George Albert Bigelow1 b. 16 Aug 1909, d. 16 Aug 1909 |
| 2. | Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow+2 b. 3 Aug 1913 | |
| 3. | John William Bigelow Jr.+2 b. 4 Nov 1915, d. 28 Feb 2007 | |
| 4. | Donald Delmore Bigelow+3 b. 1 Sep 1921 | |
| 5. | Monica Viola Bigelow3 b. 14 Dec 1922 |
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Citations
- [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
- [S4214] 1920 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Shiawassee County, Owosso Ward 4, ED 243, page 1B (handwritten), population schedule, line 89-92, dwelling 19, family 25, W. Bigelow household.
- [S5039] 1930 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Shiawassee County, Owosso, ED 17, page 6A (handwritten), population schedule, line 12-17, dwelling 146, family 157, John Biglow household.
- [S11169] 1940 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Alpena County, Alpena, ED 4-7, page 1A (handwritten), population schedule, line 37-40, household 14, John W. Bigelow household.
- [S11170] 1940 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Alpena County, Alpena, ED 4-7, page 1B (handwritten), population schedule, line 41, household 14, John W. Bigelow household (continued from previous page).
- [S11865] 1950 United States Federal Census, New Mexico, Bernalillo County, Albuquerque, ED 1-4, sheet 4 (handwritten), digital image 5 of 100, population schedule, line 30, dwelling 41, Kendrick G. Sauve household (indexed as Kendrick G. Saune).
- [S11866] 1950 United States Federal Census, New Mexico, Bernalillo County, Albuquerque, ED 1-4, sheet 5 (handwritten), digital image 6 of 100, population schedule, line 1-3, dwelling 41, Kendrick G. Sauve household (indexed as Kendrick G. Saune) (continued from previous page).
Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow1
F, b. 3 Aug 1913
| Father | John William Bigelow1 b. 15 Feb 1886, d. 12 Dec 1958 | |
| Mother | Mina Viola Starks1 b. 12 May 1888 |
Events | ||
| Birth | 3 Aug 1913 | Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow was born on 3 Aug 1913 in Kootenai, Bonner County, Idaho.1,2 |
| She was the daughter of John William Bigelow and Mina Viola Starks.1 | ||
| Census1920 | 2 Jan 1920 | Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow was enumerated in the census of 1920 under John William Bigelow in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan.1 |
| Census1930 | 8 Apr 1930 | Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow was enumerated in the census of 1930 under John William Bigelow in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan.3 |
| Marriage | 11 Nov 1934 | Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow married Charles Poirier on 11 Nov 1934 in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan.2,4 |
| Divorce | 1937 | Katherine Elizabeth Poirier and Charles Poirier were divorced in 1937.2 |
| Marriage | 16 Aug 1938 | Katherine Elizabeth Poirier married Llewellyn Wayne Ackerman on 16 Aug 1938.2,4 |
| Census1940 | 8 Apr 1940 | Katherine Elizabeth Ackerman was enumerated in the census of 1940 under Llewellyn Wayne Ackerman in Ames, Story County, Iowa.5 |
| Census1950 | 7 Apr 1950 | Katherine Elizabeth Ackerman was enumerated in the census of 1950 under Llewellyn Wayne Ackerman in Louisville, Winston County, Mississippi.6 |
Family 1 |
Charles Poirier |
Family 2 |
Llewellyn Wayne Ackerman b. 1910 |
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Citations
- [S4214] 1920 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Shiawassee County, Owosso Ward 4, ED 243, page 1B (handwritten), population schedule, line 89-92, dwelling 19, family 25, W. Bigelow household.
- [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
- [S5039] 1930 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Shiawassee County, Owosso, ED 17, page 6A (handwritten), population schedule, line 12-17, dwelling 146, family 157, John Biglow household.
- [S99] "Ancestry World Tree", Our Family (2005-05-17)
Entries: 96566 Updated: 2005-05-18 02:51:03 UTC (Wed) Contact: Michelle Moore. - [S11171] 1940 United States Federal Census, Iowa, Story County, Ames, ED 85-8, page 81A (handwritten), population schedule, line 17-18, Wayne Ackerman household.
- [S17192] 1950 United States Federal Census, Mississippi, Winston County, Louisville, ED 80-2B, sheet 6 (handwritten), digital image 7 of 17, population schedule, line 3-8, dwelling 81, Llewellyn W. Ackerman.
John William Bigelow Jr.1
M, b. 4 Nov 1915, d. 28 Feb 2007
| Father | John William Bigelow1 b. 15 Feb 1886, d. 12 Dec 1958 | |
| Mother | Mina Viola Starks1 b. 12 May 1888 |
Events | ||
| Birth | 4 Nov 1915 | John William Bigelow Jr. was born on 4 Nov 1915 in Boyne City, Charlevoix County, Michigan.1,2 |
| He was the son of John William Bigelow and Mina Viola Starks.1 | ||
| Census1920 | 2 Jan 1920 | John William Bigelow Jr. was enumerated in the census of 1920 under John William Bigelow in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan.1 |
| Census1930 | 8 Apr 1930 | John William Bigelow Jr. was enumerated in the census of 1930 under John William Bigelow in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan.3 |
| Marriage | 27 Nov 1937 | John William Bigelow Jr. married Laura Bernice Gosselin, daughter of John Baptist Gosselin and Carrie May Anderson, on 27 Nov 1937.2 |
| Census1940 | 10 Apr 1940 | John William Bigelow Jr. was enumerated as a head of household in the census of 1940 in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan, as follows: Bigelow, John, Head, 24, Married, born in Michigan, Attendant-Filling Station Laura, Wife, 22, Married, born in Michigan, Sewing-Garment Factory.4 |
| Census1950 | 7 Apr 1950 | John William Bigelow Jr. was enumerated as a head of household in the census of 1950 in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan, as follows: Bigelow, John W., Head, 34, Married, born in Michigan, Electric lift truck operator-Cement block machine mfg plant Laura, Wife, 32, Married, born in Michigan Susan, Daughter, 9, born in Michigan John W. III, Son, 4, born in Michigan.5 |
| Death | 28 Feb 2007 | He died on 28 Feb 2007 in Fredericksburg, Stafford County, Virginia.2 |
Family |
Laura Bernice Gosselin b. 30 Oct 1917 |
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Citations
- [S4214] 1920 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Shiawassee County, Owosso Ward 4, ED 243, page 1B (handwritten), population schedule, line 89-92, dwelling 19, family 25, W. Bigelow household.
- [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
- [S5039] 1930 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Shiawassee County, Owosso, ED 17, page 6A (handwritten), population schedule, line 12-17, dwelling 146, family 157, John Biglow household.
- [S11172] 1940 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Alpena County, Alpena, ED 4-9, page 3B (handwritten), population schedule, line 59-60, household 57, John Bigelow household.
- [S11864] 1950 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Alpena County, Alpena, ED 4-18, sheet 11 (handwritten), digital image 12 of 43, population schedule, line 19-22, dwelling 114, John W. Bigelow household.
Donald Delmore Bigelow1,2
M, b. 1 Sep 1921
| Father | John William Bigelow1 b. 15 Feb 1886, d. 12 Dec 1958 | |
| Mother | Mina Viola Starks1 b. 12 May 1888 |
Events | ||
| Birth | 1 Sep 1921 | Donald Delmore Bigelow was born on 1 Sep 1921 in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan.1,2 |
| He was the son of John William Bigelow and Mina Viola Starks.1 | ||
| Census1930 | 8 Apr 1930 | Donald Delmore Bigelow was enumerated in the census of 1930 under John William Bigelow in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan.1 |
| Census1940 | 9 Apr 1940 | Donald Delmore Bigelow was enumerated in the census of 1940 under John William Bigelow in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan.3,4 |
| Marriage | 29 Nov 1941 | Donald Delmore Bigelow married Ruth Schlichter on 29 Nov 1941 in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan.2 |
| Census1950 | 6 Apr 1950 | Donald Delmore Bigelow was enumerated as a head of household in the census of 1950 in Saginaw, Saginaw County, Michigan, as follows: Bigelow, Donald D., Head, 28, Married, born in Michigan, Assistant Manager-Finance Company Ruth S., Wife, 27, Married, born in Michigan Donald D. Jr., Son, 7, born in Michigan.5 |
Family |
Ruth Schlichter b. 25 Jul 1922 | |
| Children | 1. | David Bigelow2 |
| 2. | Donald Delmore Bigelow Jr.2 b. 28 Jul 1942, d. 1 Jun 1998 | |
| 3. | Audrey Lynn Bigelow6 b. 24 Jul 1948, d. 24 Jul 1948 |
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Citations
- [S5039] 1930 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Shiawassee County, Owosso, ED 17, page 6A (handwritten), population schedule, line 12-17, dwelling 146, family 157, John Biglow household.
- [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
- [S11169] 1940 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Alpena County, Alpena, ED 4-7, page 1A (handwritten), population schedule, line 37-40, household 14, John W. Bigelow household.
- [S11170] 1940 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Alpena County, Alpena, ED 4-7, page 1B (handwritten), population schedule, line 41, household 14, John W. Bigelow household (continued from previous page).
- [S17091] 1950 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Saginaw County, Saginaw, ED 93-123, sheet 2 (handwritten), digital image 3 of 16, population schedule, line 15-17, dwelling 18, Donald D. Bigelow household.
- [S17090] "Michigan, U.S., Death Records, 1867-1952" Michigan Department of Community Health, Division for Vital Records and Health Statistics; File Number: 027295, Database (without images), Audrey Lynn Bigelow.
Monica Viola Bigelow1,2
F, b. 14 Dec 1922
| Father | John William Bigelow1 b. 15 Feb 1886, d. 12 Dec 1958 | |
| Mother | Mina Viola Starks1 b. 12 May 1888 |
Events | ||
| Birth | 14 Dec 1922 | Monica Viola Bigelow was born on 14 Dec 1922 in Corunna, Shiawassee County, Michigan.1,2 |
| She was the daughter of John William Bigelow and Mina Viola Starks.1 | ||
| Census1930 | 8 Apr 1930 | Monica Viola Bigelow was enumerated in the census of 1930 under John William Bigelow in Owosso, Shiawassee County, Michigan.1 |
| Census1940 | 9 Apr 1940 | Monica Viola Bigelow was enumerated in the census of 1940 under John William Bigelow in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan.3,4 |
| Marriage | 25 Dec 1941 | Monica Viola Bigelow married Kenrick George Sauve on 25 Dec 1941 in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan.2 |
| Census1950 | 10 Apr 1950 | Monica Viola Sauve was enumerated in the census of 1950 under Kenrick George Sauve in Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico.5,6 |
Family |
Kenrick George Sauve b. 24 Feb 1920 |
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Citations
- [S5039] 1930 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Shiawassee County, Owosso, ED 17, page 6A (handwritten), population schedule, line 12-17, dwelling 146, family 157, John Biglow household.
- [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
- [S11169] 1940 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Alpena County, Alpena, ED 4-7, page 1A (handwritten), population schedule, line 37-40, household 14, John W. Bigelow household.
- [S11170] 1940 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Alpena County, Alpena, ED 4-7, page 1B (handwritten), population schedule, line 41, household 14, John W. Bigelow household (continued from previous page).
- [S11865] 1950 United States Federal Census, New Mexico, Bernalillo County, Albuquerque, ED 1-4, sheet 4 (handwritten), digital image 5 of 100, population schedule, line 30, dwelling 41, Kendrick G. Sauve household (indexed as Kendrick G. Saune).
- [S11866] 1950 United States Federal Census, New Mexico, Bernalillo County, Albuquerque, ED 1-4, sheet 5 (handwritten), digital image 6 of 100, population schedule, line 1-3, dwelling 41, Kendrick G. Sauve household (indexed as Kendrick G. Saune) (continued from previous page).
George Albert Bigelow1,2
M, b. 16 Aug 1909, d. 16 Aug 1909
| Father | John William Bigelow3 b. 15 Feb 1886, d. 12 Dec 1958 | |
| Mother | Mina Viola Starks3 b. 12 May 1888 |
Events | ||
| Death | 16 Aug 1909 | George Albert Bigelow died on 16 Aug 1909.3 |
| Birth | 16 Aug 1909 | He was born on 16 Aug 1909.3 |
| He was the son of John William Bigelow and Mina Viola Starks.3 | ||
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Citations
- [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
- [S99] "Ancestry World Tree", Our Family (2005-05-17)
Entries: 96566 Updated: 2005-05-18 02:51:03 UTC (Wed) Contact: Michelle Moore. - [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
Charles Poirier1
M
Events | ||
| Marriage | 11 Nov 1934 | Charles Poirier married Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow, daughter of John William Bigelow and Mina Viola Starks, on 11 Nov 1934 in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan.1,2 |
| Divorce | 1937 | Charles Poirier and Katherine Elizabeth Poirier were divorced in 1937.1 |
Family |
Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow b. 3 Aug 1913 |
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Llewellyn Wayne Ackerman1,2
M, b. 1910
Events | ||
| Birth | 1910 | Llewellyn Wayne Ackerman was born in 1910 in North Dakota.2 |
| Marriage | 16 Aug 1938 | He married Katherine Elizabeth Poirier, daughter of John William Bigelow and Mina Viola Starks, on 16 Aug 1938.1,3 |
| Census1940 | 8 Apr 1940 | Llewellyn Wayne Ackerman was enumerated as a head of household in the census of 1940 in Ames, Story County, Iowa, as follows: Ackerman, Wayne, Head, 30, Married, born in North Dakota, Forestry Teacher-State College Catherine, Wife, 26, Married, born in Idaho.4 |
| Census1950 | 7 Apr 1950 | Llewellyn Wayne Ackerman was enumerated as a head of household in the census of 1950 in Louisville, Winston County, Mississippi, as follows: Ackerman, Llewellyn W., Head, 40, Married, born in North Dakota, Forester-Forestry Katherine, Wife, 36, Married, born in Idaho Poirier, Mary, Step Daughter, 15, born in Michigan Ackerman, Linda, Daughter, 10, born in Wisconsin Robert, Son, 7, born in Georgia Carl, Son, 4, born in Georgia.2 |
Family |
Katherine Elizabeth Bigelow b. 3 Aug 1913 |
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Citations
- [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
- [S17192] 1950 United States Federal Census, Mississippi, Winston County, Louisville, ED 80-2B, sheet 6 (handwritten), digital image 7 of 17, population schedule, line 3-8, dwelling 81, Llewellyn W. Ackerman.
- [S99] "Ancestry World Tree", Our Family (2005-05-17)
Entries: 96566 Updated: 2005-05-18 02:51:03 UTC (Wed) Contact: Michelle Moore. - [S11171] 1940 United States Federal Census, Iowa, Story County, Ames, ED 85-8, page 81A (handwritten), population schedule, line 17-18, Wayne Ackerman household.
Ruth Schlichter1
F, b. 25 Jul 1922
Events | ||
| Birth | 25 Jul 1922 | Ruth Schlichter was born on 25 Jul 1922 in Gladwin, Gladwin County, Michigan.1 |
| Marriage | 29 Nov 1941 | She married Donald Delmore Bigelow, son of John William Bigelow and Mina Viola Starks, on 29 Nov 1941 in Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan.1 |
| Census1950 | 6 Apr 1950 | Ruth Bigelow was enumerated in the census of 1950 under Donald Delmore Bigelow in Saginaw, Saginaw County, Michigan.2 |
Family |
Donald Delmore Bigelow b. 1 Sep 1921 | |
| Children | 1. | David Bigelow1 |
| 2. | Donald Delmore Bigelow Jr.1 b. 28 Jul 1942, d. 1 Jun 1998 | |
| 3. | Audrey Lynn Bigelow3 b. 24 Jul 1948, d. 24 Jul 1948 |
| Charts | Descendants of Sperry Wise Descendants of Jonathan Fairbanks |
Citations
- [S13124] Don and Rod Bigelow, The Bigelow Society, "John William Bigelow (1886-1958)."
- [S17091] 1950 United States Federal Census, Michigan, Saginaw County, Saginaw, ED 93-123, sheet 2 (handwritten), digital image 3 of 16, population schedule, line 15-17, dwelling 18, Donald D. Bigelow household.
- [S17090] "Michigan, U.S., Death Records, 1867-1952" Michigan Department of Community Health, Division for Vital Records and Health Statistics; File Number: 027295, Database (without images), Audrey Lynn Bigelow.